How Successful Were the Russian Governments in Promoting...

How successful were the Russian governments in promoting economic change and modernisation between 1881-1904? After the Crimean War (1854-56) the econmoy in Russia slowly begun to develop. Alexander II set the development of a railwail bulding programm and a limited spread of factories. But Russias economy was still not as well-developed as that in western Europe. So a real industrialisation took of in the reign of Alexander III and the help of Nicholas IIs finance minsters Ivan Vyshnegradsky and Sergei Witte. The main point of those developments, was imporoving Russias finances and buliding up the gold reserves. For doing this Vyshnegradsky decided to increase the indirect taxes and mount a drive to swell grain exports.. By†¦show more content†¦These investments went into mining, matal trades and mostly in oil industry and banking.Besids Witte brought engeneers and managers from abroad and begun to develop the growth of the railways and the importance of heavy industry with them. It was time an industrial revolution in Russia. Russia begun to nationalise the railway companies in the 1880s. By 1905 nearly 66 percen of the whole railway system was state-owned.The most important railway line was the Trans-Siberian (building 1891-1902), which crossed Russia from west (St.Petersburg) to east ( Vladivostock).Those new railway lines linked the major areas of industrial producion and those with markets or ports. So building these railway lines also helped the development of the industries along their length. The development of iron and coal industries in the area of Moskow, St. Petersburg,the Baltic coast and the Ural Mountains to the east was heavily. This industrial growth helped Russia being the fourth largest industrail economy in those times. However there was more trade with grain than with industrial goods. Even though the state budget more than doubled because of Wittes work , the dependece on loans from abroad , which had to be paid back, should not fall in oblivion.Moreover Witte didnt aid the local industries and the agricultural modernasation since he thought the peasant could just be forced intoShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization theory with several new thinkers and ideas. Pedagogically a well-structured book with many clear learning objectives, cases, examples and good summaries for every chapter. Professor Martin Lindell, Hanken Business School, Swedish School of Economics and Business Administration, Finland This book makes it easier to understand the current stand of organization theory. I strongly recommend it to anyone seriously interested in the different intellectual traditions that contribute to our understanding